Wujude Tembung
1. Tembung Lingga: tembung kang durung owah saka asale.
Tuladha: pangan, turu, mlaku, mlayu, tuku, durung, maca, sinau, rasa, lsp.
2. Tembung Andhahan: tembung kang wis owah saka asale.
Owahe tembung amarga oleh ater-ater, seselan, panambang, lan imbuhan bebarengan.
a. Ater-ater (Awalan):
- Ater-ater
Anuswara (m-, n-, ng-, ny-)
m- + pacul = macul
n- + tutup = nutup
ng- + keplak = ngeplak
ny- + sambel = nyambel
-
Ater-ater
Tripurusa (dak-, kok-, di-)
dak - + gawa = dakgawa
kok- +
tulis = koktulis
di- + cekel = dicekel
-
Ater-ater a-
a- + menangi = amenangi
a- + wujud = awujud
-
Ater-ater ka- lan ke-
ka- + jupuk = kajupuk
ke- + pleset = kepleset
-
Ater-ater pa-
pa- + warta = pawarta
pa- + turon = paturon
-
Ater-ater pi-
pi- + wulang = piwulang
pi- + takon = pitakon
-
Ater-ater pra-
pra- + tandha = pratandha
pra- + wira = prawira
-
Ater-ater pri-
pri- + agung = priyagung
pri- + bumi = pribumi
-
Ater-ater tar-
tar- + kadhang = tarkadhang
tar- + tamtu = tartamtu
-
Ater-ater sa-
sa- + omah = saomah
sa- + kranjang = sakranjang
b.
Seselan
(Sisipan)
-
Seselan -in-
gawa + -in- = ginawa
tulis + -in- = tinulis
-
Seselan -um-
tindak + -um- = tumindak
gedhe + -um- = gumedhe
-
Seselan -er-
gandhul + -er- = gerandhul
kelap + -er- = kerelap
-
Seselan -el-
kepyur + -el- = kelepyur
titi + -el- = teliti
c.
Panambang
(Akhiran):
-
Panambang -a
bali + -a = balia
tuku + -a = tukua
- Panambang -an
pangan + -an = panganan
tulis + -an = tulisan
- Panambang -ana
weneh + -ana = wenehana
cekelana + -ana = cekelana
-
Panambang
-na
tulis + -na = tulisan
gambar + -na = gambarna
-
Panambang -en
tulis +
-en = tulisen
gambar +
-en = gambaren
-
Panambang -ake
bubar +
-ake = bubarake
bener +
-ake = benerake
-
Panambang -i
tulis +
-i = tulisi
siram +
-i = sirami
-
Panambang -e
tas + -e
= tase
klambi +
-e = klambine
-
Panambang -u
omah + -u
= omahku
kanca +
-u = kancaku
-
Panambang -mu
kanca +
-mu = kancamu
klambi +
-mu = klambimu
d. Imbuhan Bebarengan (Ater-ater, Seselan, Panambang)
ka- + dhisik + -an = kadhisikan
pa- + wulang + -an = pamulangan
m- + lumpat + -i = mlumpati
ng- + keplak + -i = ngeplak
di- + garap + -ake = digarapake
gambar + (-in-) -an = ginambaran
singkir + (-um-) -a = sumingkira
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